Browsing by Author "Lioy, Paul J."
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Item Assessment of Exposure in the Community Surrounding the Martin Luther King/Jefferson School Construction Site in Trenton: Research Project Summary(Trenton, N.J. : New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Science, Research and Technology, 2008-11) Weisel, Clifford P.; Gochfeld, Michael; Lioy, Paul J.; Stern, Alan H.As part of the construction of a new school at the existing Martin Luther King/Jefferson School site in Trenton, NJ in 2004-2005, exogenous fill material consisting of soil and concrete fragments was introduced to the site to stabilize the foundation. Subsequent construction in and around this material resulted in reports from the community of dust transport into residential areas. There were also anecdotal reports of respiratory symptoms in surrounding residents. Testing of the fill material revealed low to moderate levels of lead and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the fill material. The NJDEP Division of Science and Research was asked to investigate whether and to what extent the fill material was transported to and within homes in the surrounding community.Item Chromium exposure and health effects in Hudson County: phase I: final report / principal investigators, Paul J. Lioy, PhD and Michael Gochfeld, MD, PhD.(Piscataway, NJ: UMDNJ - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, 2008., 2008) Lioy, Paul J.Item Chromium Exposure and Health Effects in Hudson County: Phase I: Research Project Summary(Trenton, N.J. : New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Science, Research and Technology, 2008-12) Lioy, Paul J.; Gochfeld, Michael; Fan, Zhi-hua (Tina); Shalat, Stuart L.; Black, Kathy; Lin, LinDuring much of the twentieth century, Hudson County, and particularly Jersey City, was one of the world centers of chromate production from chromite ore. The slag and waste products from this production referred to as COPR (chromite ore processing residue) was disposed in various locations and given away gratis for fill, berms etc. This resulted in a legacy of approximately 200 COPR waste sites in Hudson County. COPR contains variable amounts of hexavalent chromium (Cr+6) as well as trivalent chromium (Cr+3). Cr+6 is a known human inhalation carcinogen (USEPA, 1998). Recent evidence indicates that it is also an ingestion carcinogen (NTP, 2008). Because of its carcinogenic potential, Cr+6 is the substance of greatest concern in COPR.Item The Contribution of Dust Particles from St. Lawrence Cement to Outdoor Dust in the Surrounding Waterfront-South Community in Camden, New Jersey: Research Project Summary(Trenton, N.J. : New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Science, 2009-08) Lioy, Paul J.; Fan, Zhi-Hua (Tina); Yu, Chang Ho; Stern, Alan H.In response to community concerns about dusty conditions in the Waterfront South area of Camden, NJ, and specific concerns that the nearby St. Lawrence/Holcim facility was a major contributor to these conditions, a study was undertaken to examine the contribution of that facility to dust deposition in the Waterfront South area. A composite sample of material was collected from the exposed piles at the facility and outdoor dust deposition and surface wipe samples were collected at multiple locations during two periods for a total of 52 days within a distance of 800 m of the facility as well as at a control location 2 km from the facility. Dust mass was examined as a function of distance from the facility, and the source material from the facility was compared to the community dust samples on the basis of elemental concentration (particularly calcium) and elemental ratios. In addition, a chemical mass-balance model was created that attempted to account for the elemental signature of the source material from the facility against the background of elemental occurrence in urban dust. Also, facility-wide deposition modeling was conducted using operations data supplied by the facility. Several independent lines of evidence point to a contribution from the facility of 2-13% with a most likely contribution in the range of 2-8% of the total dust material in the community at a distance of up to about 0.5 km. Unusual wind conditions could increase this contribution in the short-term. Both stack and fugitive emissions contribute to the facility’s overall dust emissions. However, fugitive emissions appear to be the larger source. This study was specifically focused on identifying the extant to which the St. Lawrence/Holcim facility contributed to the dust deposition in Waterfront South. It did not attempt to identify other contribution to the dust deposition. However, from other studies in the scientific literature in other locations, it appears that soil, and automotive use and wear (including tire wear) are major sources of urban dust.Item The Distribution of Chromium Species as a Function of Particle Size for Chromium Waste Laden Soils: Research Project Summary(Trenton, N.J. : New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Science, Research and Technology: Research Project Summary, 2008-11) Lin, Lin; Fan, Zhihua (Tina); Lioy, Paul J.; Stern, Alan H.Among the remediation criteria applied to COPR in Hudson County, New Jersey are those based on the cancer risk associated with inhalation of Cr+6. For inhalation-based remediation criteria, the acceptable soil concentration is based on the concentration of Cr+6 on the respirable size particles. The default assumption is that the concentration of Cr+6 on those particles is the same as the concentration in the bulk COPR soil material. To examine this assumption COPR soil from 8 locations was separated into size fractions. The concentration of Cr+6, total Cr and Cr+3 was compared in the bulk soil and the individual size fractions including the respirable (<2.5 μm) material. Cr+6 was consistently enriched in the 2.5 μm fraction compared to the bulk COPR soil (mean enrichment = 63.7). In addition, the Cr+6 accounted for a larger percentage of the total Cr as the particle size decreased. In contrast total Cr and Cr+3 did not show a consistent enrichment in the 2.5 μm fraction. There was a strong relationship between Cr+6 concentration in the bulk material and in the 2.5 μm fraction that may allow analysis of Cr+6 in bulk COPR soil to be used as a surrogate analysis of the 2.5 μm fraction.Item Final Report: Contribution of Particle Emissions from a Cement Related Facility to Outdoor Dust in Surrounding Community(Trenton, N.J. : Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Science and Research, 2009-03-02) Lioy, Paul J.; Fan, Zhi-Hua (Tina); Yu, Chang HoA facility that processes steel production slag into material for cement manufacture is located near the neighborhood of Waterfront South (WFS), Camden, New Jersey. The residents in the vicinity of the facility have had concerns about the impact of the fugitive particulate emissions from the material stored and/or used at the facility on the neighborhood as outdoor dust air pollution. To address their concern, this study collected deposited particles and surface dust samples near the facility and the raw material (RCM) from the pile of the dust outside of the facility, analyzed morphological characteristics and elemental concentrations in the samples, and assessed the contribution of particles emitted from the facility to the dust pollution in local community.Item NJRisk Project: Phase I Pilot Study for Implementing an Integrated Computational Tool to Support Prioritization of Chemicals of Emerging Concern: Final Report for the Pilot Phase (July 2013-March 2014)(Trenton, N.J. : Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Science and Research, 2014-04-11) Georgopoulos, Panos G.; Lioy, Paul J.Item UMDNJ- EOHSI Crumb Infill and Turf Report – October 31, 2011(Trenton, N.J. : Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Science, 2011-10-31) Lioy, Paul J.; Wiesel, Clifford